B.A. in Philosophy

First Year:

Paper–I - Indian Logic
Paper–II - Western Logic
Second Year:

Paper–I - Indian Epistemology and Metaphysics
Paper–II - Western Epistemology and Metaphysics
Third Year:

Paper–I - Indian Ethics
Paper–II - Western Ethics



Indian Logic:

UNIT – I : Meaning of Nyãya, Nyãya Darshana as Indian Logic, Main
elements of the procedure of congnition :– Kathã,
Vãda, Jalpa, Vitandã.
UNIT – II : Meaning of Pramã¸a, Purpose and kinds, Perception and its
kinds, Inference and its kinds, Verbal testimony,
Shãbdabodha.
UNIT – III : Nature of Prameyãs and their number, Classification of Prameyas,
Concept of liberation, Nature and kinds of
Siddhãnta
UNIT – IV : Nature and kinds of San¿aya, Hetu and Hetvãbhãsa, Nature and
kinds of chhala.
UNIT – V : Nature of Prayojana, DriÀhtãnta and its kinds, Natue of Nir¸aya.


Western Logic:

UNIT – I : Definition of Logic, Meaning of Yukti and it kinds, Concept of
Truth and Validity.
UNIT – II : Definition of proposition, Difference between
sentence and proposition, Contemporary analysis of
proposition, Laws of thought.
UNIT – III : Interpretation and importance of induction, Law of causation,
Law of analogy of the nature, Contradiction of induction.
UNIT – IV : Nature and importance of deduction, Symbolic logic, Symbols and
their uses, Truth tables, Material
implication, Venn diagram technique of
testing the validity of syllogism.
UNIT – V : Techniques of symbolization, Proof construction, Direct indirect
and conditional proofs.

Indian Epistemology and Metaphysics:

UNIT – I : The nature of cognition, Kinds of Pramãña, Definition of
Pramãña, Valid and invalid cognitions.
UNIT – II : Perception Inference, Comparision, Verbal Testimony, Arthãpatti
and Anupalabdhi.
UNIT – III : Prãmãnya: Origin and ascertainment as per Nyãya
Sãmkhya Buddhism and Meemãnsã.
UNIT – IV : Categories:– Drvya, Guña, Karma, Sãmãnya, Vishesha,
Samavãya and Abhãva, Nature of Sat, J¢va and
Prakriti, The relation between Ishwara and the
world.
UNIT – V : Nature and kinds of siddhãnta, Definition of
Nigrahasthãna, the nature of Vipratipatti.

Western Epistemology and Metaphysics:

UNIT – I : Knowledge : Definition and kinds, Uses of knowledge,
Knowledge by acquaintance and knowledge by
description.
UNIT – II : Theories of truth: Correspondence, Coherence and
pragmatism.
UNIT – III : Nature of metaphysics : Philosophy and Science,
Appearance and Reality, Substance, Causation,
Universal, God, Proofs for the existence of
God.
UNIT – IV : Theories of knowledge: Rationalism, Empiricism and
critical philosophy.
UNIT – V : Method of doubt (Descartes), Scepticism of Hume, Truth, Belief,
Justification, Foundationalism, Coherentism.

Indian Ethics:

UNIT – I : Definition of purushãrth, Four purushãrthas, Characteristics of
Indian ethics, Varņashram – Vyavastha .
UNIT – II : Vidhi, Nishedha, Dharma, Karma, Svadharma and Sadhar¸a
Dharma.
UNIT – III : Four noble truths of Buddhists, Eightfold path,
Yoga — Yama and Niyama.
UNIT – IV : A¸uvrata, Mahavrata and Triratna.

Western Ethics:

UNIT – I : Definition of Ethics, Nature and Scope, The Concept of Duty,
Free will.
UNIT – II : Concept of Good and Evil, Right and Wrong, Ehical judgement.
UNIT – III : Hedonism, Utilitarianism, Egoism.
UNIT – IV : Duties and Rights, Theories of punishment, Virtue ethics
of Plato and Aristotle.
UNIT – V : Intuitionism, Subjectivism, Objectivism, Descriptivism.