Course programme
PAPER I RESEARCH METHODOLOGY THEORY AND TECHNIQUES UNIT - I Research: Definition, Importance and Meaning of research, Characteristics of research, Types of Research, Steps in research, Identification, Selection and formulation of research problem, Research questions – Research design – Formulation of Hypo Dissertation, Review of Literature. UNIT – II Sampling techniques: Sampling theory, types of sampling – Steps in sampling – Sampling and Non-sampling error – Sample size – Advantages and limitations of sampling. Collection of Data: Primary Data – Meaning – Data Collection methods – Secondary data – Meaning – Relevances, limitations and cautions. UNIT – III Statistics in Research – Measure of Central tendency, Dispersion, Skewness and Kurtosis in research, Hypo Dissertation, Fundamentals of Hypo Dissertation testing, Standard Error, Point and Interval estimates, Important Non-Parametric tests: Sign, Run, Kruskal, Wallis tests and Mann, Whitney test. UNIT – IV Para metric tests: Testing of significance, mean, Proportion, Variance and Correlation, testing for Significance of difference between means, proportions, variances and correlation co-efficient. Chi-square tests, ANOVA, One-way and Two-way. UNIT– V Research Report: Types of reports, contents, styles of reporting, Steps in drafting reports, editing the final draft, evaluating the final draft. Reference Books: 1. Statistical Methods - S.P. Gupta 2. Research Methodology Methods and Techniques - C.R. Kothari 3. Statistics (Theory and Practice) - B.N. Gupta 4. Research Methodology Methods and Statistical Techniques - Santosh Gupta PAPER-II MASS COMMUNICATION AND MEDIA Unit 1: Concepts Communication, Mass Communication, Media Unit 2: Communication Meaning, process, types (AV, Visual, Audio), approaches (horizontal-vertical-top down-bottom up- participatory, transmissional-semiological, scope (Intra,Inter,Group,Mass), elements (S,M,C,R,feedback), barriers, functions, models (SMR,SMCR,Shanon & Weaver, Lasswel, Osgood, Gerbner, New comb etc.), role Unit 3: Mass Communication Meaning, elements, role models (Defluer, Gerbner, Schramm, Westley & McCleans etc.), Technology in/of mass communication Unit 4: Media Meaning, types, functions, elements, Institution-textaudiences, Role of media in mass communication, Different media, their characteristics and use, Media creation-distributionconsumption technology Unit 5: Historical perspective to Communication and Media Evolution of communication: Theatre to Internet, Historical development of various media in India: Folk, media, Press, Cinema, Radio, Television, New media/Internet, Media regulation in India Media and Society Normative (Authoritarian, libertarian, social-responsibility, democratic participation), Sociological (cultivation, uses & gratification, agenda setting), Psychological (bullet, two step flow, personal influence) theories Media as cultural production, popular culture, mass culture Ownership patterns in Media and its implications Media audiences and its typologies Issues Representation, Persuasion, propaganda, ethics, social responsibility, censorship PAPER-III PRINT MEDIA Unit 1: Introduction to Writing What is Writing? Concept of Writing; Philosophy; the act of Writing; Evolution of Writing; Different Aspects in the Evolution of Writing as Technology and as an Art; Writing for Media as an Art. Medium of Writing; the Write Spirit. Writing for Print Media: Types of print media, newspaper, magazines, books, loose media-leaflets/pamphlets/brochures/, Difference of style in writing, Editing and captioning for print media Unit 2: Research: Sources of News Gathering Primary Sources and Secondary Sources; Finding and using News Sources; Recognizing the Sources; Getting Acquainted; Sources of News; News Sources and Solutions; at the Scene; Making Phone Calls; Stringers; Tipsters; Employee Inputs; Eye Witnesses; Do Cameras Influence Eye Witnesses; Researching The Story: Press Officers; Spin-Doctors; Experts; Ordinary People; Reference Books and Archives; Contact Book; E-Mail; Newsgroups; News Agencies; Hard News and Soft News. Unit 3: Grammar Basic Grammar Skills: Verbs, Adverbs, Nouns, Pronouns, Conjunctions, and Interjections; Compound Words; Adjectives; Prepositions and Punctuation. Active and Passive; Compound and Complex Sentences. Use of Abbreviations; Synonym’s; Antonyms; Phrases. Unit 4: Writing Styles The Importance of Style: an Overview; the Fog Index; Write the Way You Talk; Metaphors are More Fun; Clarity; a Personal Style; Write Better than You Talk; Write with Your Ears; Words and Phrases; Sentences and Paragraphs; Figures of Speech; House Style; Writing For Various Media; Writing for Print Media; Writing for Radio; Writing for Television; Writing for Web; Writing for Advertisements. Unit 5: Types of Writing Fiction and Non Fiction Writing; Tools for Non Fiction; Description; Interviews: Introduction, Why am I Interviewing? Who should I Interview? How Many Sources are Enough? When should I Interview? Where should I Interview? What should I Interview: How should I Interview; Taking Notes; Final Thoughts; Writing the Interview Story; Feature Writing: What is a Feature? Types of Feature, Structuring and Developing a Feature; Writing Subject Feature; Writing Controversial Feature; Writing Opinion Feature; Business Writing: Introduction; Who is the Audience? Headlines, Subheads, Executive Summary, PR Writing; Finding PR Gigs; Press Releases; Organizing the Information for Easy Writing. Suggested Readings: 1. Media Writing Manual: Print, Broadcast and Public Relations, W. Richard, Whitaker, Janet E. Ramsey, Ronald D, Routledge. 2. Writing for the Media, F. Nel, Kerry Swift, Les Aupiais, Mail & Guardian. 3. Basic Media Writing, Melvin Mencher, McGraw Hill. 4. Writing for the Mass Media, James Glen Stovall, Prentice Hall. 5. Writing Space: The Computer Hypertext and the History of Writing; Botter .J. David; Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1996