Course in COMPUTER SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

UNIT -1 Discrete Structures
Sets, Relations, Functions. Pigeonhole Principle, inclusion-Exclusion Principle, Equivalence and Partial Orderings, Elementary counting techniques, Probability Measures for information and Mutual information
Graph: Definition, walks, paths, trails, connected graphs, regular and bipartite graphs, cycles and circuits. Tree and rooted tree. Spanning trees. Eccentricity of a vertex radius and diameter of a graph, Central Graphs, Center(s) of a tree Hamiltonian and Eulerian graphs; Planar graphs. Combinatorics & Recurrence relations

UNIT -2 Computer Arithmetic
Prepositional (Boolean) Logic, Predicate Logic, Well-formed formulae (WFF) Satisfiability and tautology.
Logic Families: TTL, ECL and C-MOS gates. Boolean algebra and minimization of Boolean functions. Flip-flops-types, race condition and comparison. Design of combinational and sequential circuits.
Representation of Integers: Octal, Hex. Decimal and Binary. 2's complement and 1’s complement arithmetic. Floating-point representation.

UNIT -3 Programming in C and C++
Programming in C: Elements of C- Tokens, identifiers, data types in C. Control structures in C. Sequence, selection and iteration(s). Structured data types, arrays, structure, union, string, and pointers.
OO Programming Concepts: Class, Object, Instantiation, Inheritance, Polymorphism and
Overloading.
C++ Programming: Elements of C++-Tokens, identifiers, Variables and constants, Data types, Operators, Control statements, Functions, parameter passing, Class and objects, Constructors and Destructors, Overloading, Inheritance, Templates. Exceptional handling.

UNIT -4 Relational Database Management Systems:

Database Concepts, ER Diagrams, Data Models, Design of Relational Database, Normalisation, SQL and QBE, Query Processing and Optimisation, Centralised and Distributed Database, Security, concurrency and recovery in centralized distributed database systems, Object Oriented DBMS, Oracle

UNIT -5 Data and File Structures

Data information, Definition of Data Structure, Arrays, Stacks, Queues, Linked List, Trees, Graphs, Priority Queues and Heaps.
File structure : Fields, Record and Files. Sequential , direct, index-sequential and relative files. Hashing, inverted lists and multi-list B tree and B+ tree.

UNIT -6 Computer Networks
Networks Fundamentals: Local Area Networks (LAN), Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), Wide Area Networks (WAN), Wireless Networks, Inter Networks. Reference Models: The OSI model, TCP/IP model.
Data Communication: Channel capacity, Transmission media-twisted pair, coaxial cables, fiber -optic cables, wireless transmission-radio, microwave, infrared and millimeter waves, Light wave transmission. Telephones-Local loop, trunks, multiplexing, switching, narrowband ISDN, broadband ISDN, ATM, High speed LANS. Cellular Radio. Communication satellites , Geosynchronous and low-orbit.
Internetworking: Switch/Hub, Bridge, Router, Gateways. Concatenated virtual circuits, Tunneling, Fragmentation, Firewalls.
Routing: Virtual circuits and Datagram. Routing algorithms. Congestion control. Network Security: Cryptography-public key, secret key. Domain Name System (DNS) - Electronic Mail and Worldwide Web (WWW), The DNS, Resource Records, Name servers. E-mail-architecture and Servers.

UNIT -7 System Software and Compilers

Assembly language fundamentals . Assemblers-2 pass and singlepass. Macros and Macro processors,
Loading, linking , relocation, program relocatability. Linkage editing. Text editors. Programming Environments: Debuggers and program generators. Compilation and Interpretation. Bootstrap compilers. Phases of compilation process. Lexical analysis. Lex package on Unix system. Context free grammars. Parsing and parse trees. Representation of parse trees as rightmost and leftmost derivations. Bottom up parsers-shiftreduce, operator precedence , and LR. Top down parsers-left recursion and its removal. Recursive descent parser. Predictive parser, Intermediate codes-Quadruples, Triples, Intermediate code generation. Code generation. Code optimization.

UNIT -8 Operating Systems
Main functions of operating systems, Multiprogramming , multiprocessing and multitasking.
Memory Management: Virtual memory, paging, fragmentation. Concurrent Processing: Mutual exclusion. Critical regions, lock and unlock. Scheduling: CPU scheduling, I/O scheduling, Resource Scheduling, Deadlock and scheduling algorithms, Banker's algorithm for dead lock handling. The Unix System: File system, process management, bourne shell, shell variables, command line programming. Filters and Commands: Pr, head, tail, cut, paste, sort, uniq, tr, join, etc, grep, egrep, fgrep, etc., sed, awk, etc.
System Calls (like): Create, open, close, read,write, iseek, link, Unlin,s tat, fstat, umask, chmod, exec, fork, wait, system.

UNIT -9 Software Engineering
System Development Life Cycles (SDLC): Steps. Water fall model, Prototypes, Spiral model. Software Metrics: Software Project Management Software Design: System design, detailed design, function oriented design, object oriented design, user interface design, design level metrics. Coding and Testing: Testing level metrics. Software quality and reliability, Clean room approach, software reengineering.

UNIT -10 Data Warehousing , Data Mining and Artificial Intelligence

Data Warehousing: Data Warehouse environment, Architecture of a data warehouse methodology" analysis, design, construction and administration.
Data Mining: Extracting models and patterns from large databases, data mining techniques, classification, regression, clustering, summarization, dependency modeling, link analysis, sequencing analysis, mining scientific and business data.
Artificial Intelligence: Definition, AI approach for solving problems. Automated Reasoning with prepositional logic and predicate logic. Refutation , resolution. State space representation of problems, bounding functions, breadth first, depth First, A, A*, AO* etc. Frames , scripts, Semantic nets, production systems, procedural representations. Components of an Expert system, Knowledge representation and Acquisition Techniques, Expert System and Shell. RTNs , ATNs.