Diploma in Ophthalmic Technology in Ocular Pathology / Ocular Microbiology

Topics and details

Disease at the cellular level - Cause of cellular
adaptation, injury and cell death, Intra cellular
accumulation, calcification


Inflammation and repair - Types of inflammation,
Morphology, clinical manifestation, Repair -
parenchymal Regeneration, repair by
connective tissue reparative response (systemic &
local)


Fluid and heamodynamic derangements -
Oedema, Hyperemia or congestion, haemorrhage,
Thrombosis, Embolism, Infarction. Shock


immune Disorders of immunity -Components of
the immune system, Mechanism of the system,
classification, transplant rejection, autoimmune
disease, Immunodeficiency disease, Amyloidosis.

Haematopoietic and lymphoid system -Red cell
disorders, nutritional anaemia, Bone marrow
suppression, Polycythaemia Vera or Erythraemia,
White cells Disorders, haemorrhagic diatheses,
Thrombocytopenia, Coagulation Disorders.


Cardio vascular system -Congestive Cardiac
failure, Ischemic or Coronary heart disease,
Hypertensive heart disease. Pericardial disease,
myocardial disease, endocardial disease, vascular
disorders, venous disorders, Lymphatic disorders,
tumours,


Nervous system -Neurons and Glia,
Correlation between function and
location, Encasement of the brain by
the skull, Trauma to the CNS & spinal
cord, Vascular, toxic, Nutritional and
metabolic disorders of the CNS, Brain Tumours,
Infections.
Degenerative disease of the CNS
Demyelinating diseases, Peripheral
Neuropathy


Musculo skeletal system
-Bones,Joints, Muscles

Respiratory system -Pulmonary
embolism, infarction Oedema &
Haemorrhage, COPD,Pulmonary infections.

Nutritional disorders -Protein-calorie malnutrition,
Vitamin deficiencies,


Gastro-intestinal tract and parasitology -Oral
cavity, stomach, small intestine, Liver, Cestodes or
tapeworm


Endocrine system -Anterior pituitary
(Adenohypophysis), Posterior pituitary
(Neurohypophysis), Thyroid, Parathyroid Glands,
Adrenal cortex, Diabetes mellitus


Neoplasia- Non - neoplastic cell Growth,
Neoplasia, Differentiation and Aplasia, Spread of
Tumours, Invasion and metastasis, grading and
staging of cancer

Introduction - history of microbiology, types
of cells (animal cell, plant cell/eukaryotic
cells/ prokaryotic cells)


Disease at the cellular level - Cause of
cellular adaptation, injury and cell death,
Intra cellular accumulation, calcification
Bacteria
Virus
Fungi
Protozoa


Classification of Microbes.
G + ve and G - ve Cocci and Bacilli, and their
examples causing ocular infection.
Spore bearing Bacilli and their examples
ocular infection
Spirochete causing ocular infection
Chlamydia, causing ocular infection
Virus and Fungi. Examples, which causes
ocular infections


Staining Procedure and Fixation of Tissues
Preparation of a bacterial smear, staining
procedures- simple staining, Grams staining,
Acid fast staining, Metachromatic granules
staining

Sterilization - Definition, Methods of
sterilization
Heat - Autoclaving, Hot Air oven,
Incineration
Radiation,
Filtrations,
Disinfectants.


Microscopy - Study of a microscope
Light Microscopy, Parts of a light
microscope,
Path of light in a light microscope, Resolving
power, Use of alight microscope,
Different types of microscopy, - Dark field
microscopy, Phase contrast, fluorescent
microscopy and Electron microscopy