M.D.S.:CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY

M.D.S.:CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY

Course contents (Syllabus) -
Applied Anatomy of Head and Neck
 Development of face, paranasal sinuses and the associated structures and their anomalies, cranial and
facial bones, TMJ anatomy and function, arterial and venous drainage of head and neck, muscles of face
and neck including muscles of mastication and deglutition, brief consideration of structures and function of
brain. Brief consideration of all cranial nerves and autonomic nervous system of head and neck. Salivary
glands, Functional anatomy of mastication, deglutition and speech. Detailed anatomy of deciduous and
permanent teeth, general consideration in physiology of permanent dentition, form, function, alignment,
contact, occlusion.
 Internal anatomy of permanent teeth and its significance
 Applied histology, histology of skin, oral mucosa, connective tissue, bone cartilage, blood vessels,
lymphatics, nerves, muscles, tongue.
Development of Teeth
 Enamel- development and composition, physical characteristics, chemical properties, structure
 Age changes -clinical structure
 Dentin - development, physical and chemical properties, structure type of dentin, innervations, age and
functional changes.
 Pulp - development, histological structures, innervations, functions, regressive changes, clinical
considerations.
 Cementum -composition, cementogenesis, structure, function, clinical consideration.
 Periodontal ligament -development, structure, function and clinical consideration.
 Salivary glands - structure, function, clinical considerations.
 Eruption of teeth.
Applied Physiology:
 Mastication deglutition, digestion and assimilation, fluid and electrolyte balance.
 Blood composition, volume, function, blood groups, haemostasis, coagulation, blood transfusion,
circulation, heart, pulse, blood pressure, shock, respiration, control, anoxia, hypoxia, asphyxia, artificial
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respiration, and endocrinology -general principles of endocrine activity and disorders relating to pituitary,
thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals including pregnancy and lactation.
 Physiology of saliva -composition, function, clinical significance.
 Clinical significance of vitamins, diet and nutrition -balanced diet.
 Physiology of pain, sympathetic and Para sympathetic nervous system, pain pathways, physiology of
pulpal pain, Odontogenic and non Odontogenic pain, pain disorders -typical and atypical, biochemistry
such as osmotic pressure, electrolytic dissociation, oxidation, reduction etc., carbohydrates, proteins,
lipids and their metabolism, nucleoproteins, nucleic acid and their metabolism. Enzymes, vitamins and
minerals, metabolism of inorganic elements, detoxification in the body, anti metabolites, chemistry of
blood lymph and urine.
Pathology
 Inflammation, repair, degeneration, necrosis and gangrene.
 Circulatory disturbances -ischemia, hyperemia, edema, thrombosis, embolism, infarction, allergy and
hypersensitivity reaction.
 Neoplasms - classifications of tumors, characteristics of benign and malignant tumors, spread tumors.
 Blood dyscrasias
 Developmental disturbances of oral and Para oral structures, dental caries, regressive changes of teeth,
pulp, periapical pathology, pulp reaction to dental caries and dental procedures
 Bacterial, viral, mycotic infections of the oral cavity
Microbiology
 Pathways of pulpal infection, oral flora and micro organisms associated with endodontic diseases,
pathogenesis, host defence, bacterial virulence factors, healing, theory of focal infections, microbes or
relevance to dentistry - strepto, staphylococci, lactobacilli, cornyebacterium, actinomycetes, clostridium,
neisseria, vibrio, bacteriods, fusobacteria, spirochetes, mycobacterium, virus and fungi.
 Cross infection, infection control, infection control procedure, sterilization and disinfection.
 Immunology -antigen antibody reaction, allergy, hypersensitivity and anaphylaxis, auto immunity, grafts,
viral hepatitis. HIV infections and AIDS. Identification and isolation of micro-organisms from infected root
canals. Culture medium and culturing technique (Aerobic and anaerobic interpretation and antibiotic
sensitivity test)
Pharmacology
 Dosage and route of administration of drugs, actions and fate of drug in body, drug addiction, tolerance of
hypersensitivity reactions
 Local anaesthesia - agents and chemistry, pharmacological actions, fate and metabolism of anaesthetic,
ideal properties, techniques and complications
 General anaesthesia - pre medications, neuro muscular blocking agents, induction agents, inhalation
anaesthesia, and agents used assessment of anaesthetic problems in medically compromised patients.
 Anaesthetic emergencies
 Antihistamines, corticosteroids, chemotherapeutic and antibiotics, drug resistance, haemostasis, and
haemostatic agents, anticoagulants, sympathomimitic drugs, vitamins and minerals (A, B, C, D, E, K
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IRON), anti sialogogue, immunosupressants, drug interactions, antiseptics, disinfectants, anti viral agents,
drugs acting on CNS.
Biostatistics
 Introduction, Basic concepts, Sampling, Health information systems -collection, compilation, presentation
of data. Elementary statistical methods -presentation of statistical data, Statistical averages - measures
of central tendency, measures of dispersion, Normal distribution. Tests of significance -parametric and
non -parametric tests (Fisher extract test, Sign test, Median test, Mann Whitney test, Krusical Wallis one
way analysis, Friedmann two way analysis, Regression analysis), Correlation and regression, Use of
computers.
Research Methodology
 Essential features of a protocol for research in humans
 Experimental and non -experimental study designs
 Ethical considerations of research
Applied Dental Materials
 Physical and mechanical properties of dental materials, biocompatibility
 Impression materials, detailed study of various restorative materials, restorative resin and recent
advances in composite resins, bonding- recent developments- tarnish and corrosion, dental amalgam,
direct filling gold, casting alloys, inlay wax, die materials, investments, casting procedures, defects, dental
cements for restoration and pulp protection (luting, liners. bases) cavity varnishes. Advances in
restorative materials
 Dental ceramics-recent advances, finishing and polishing materials
 Dental burs -design and mechanics of cutting -other modalities of tooth preparation
 Methods of testing, biocompatibility of materials used.
Conservative Dentistry
1. Examination, diagnosis and treatment plan
2. Occlusion as related to conservative dentistry, contact, contour, its significance. Separation of teeth,
matrices, used in conservative dentistry.
3. Dental caries - epidemiology, recent concept of etiological factors, pathophysiology, Histopathology,
diagnosis, caries activity tests, prevention of dental caries and management- recent methods.
4. Hand and rotary cutting Instruments, development of rotary equipment, speed ranges, hazards.
5. Dental burs and other modalities of tooth reparation - recent developments (air abrasions, lasers etc)
6. Infection control procedures in conservative dentistry, isolation equipments etc.
7. Concepts in tooth preparation for amalgam, composite, GIC, restorative techniques, material, its failures
and management.
8. Direct and indirect composite restorations.
9. Indirect tooth colored restorations- ceramic, inlays and onlays, veneers, crowns, recent advances in
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fabrication and materials and tissue management.
10. Impression procedures used for direct restorations
11. Cast metal restorations, indications, contraindications, tooth preparation for class II inlay, Onlay full crown
restorations. Restorative techniques, direct and indirect methods of fabrication including materials used
for fabrication like inlay wax, investment materials and
12. Direct gold restorations
13. Recent advances in restorative materials and procedures
14. Management of non-carious lesion.
15. Advance knowledge of minimal intervention dentistry.
16. Advances in restoration of endodontically treated teeth and grossly mutilated teeth
17. Hypersensitivity, theories, causes and management.
18. Lasers in Conservative Dentistry
19. CAD-CAM & CAD-CIM in restorative dentistry.
20. Dental imaging and its applications in restorative dentistry (clinical photography)
21. Principles of esthetics
- Color
- Facial analysis
- Smile design
- Principles of esthetic integration
- Treatment planning in esthetic dentistry
Endodontics
1. Rationale of endodontics.
2. Knowledge of internal anatomy of permanent teeth, anatomy of root apex and its implications in
endodontic treatment.
3. Dentin and pulp complex.
4. Pulp and periapical pathology
5. Pathobiology of periapex.
6. Diagnostic procedure - recent advances and various aids used for diagnosis, Orofacial dental pain
emergencies: endodontic diagnosis and management
7. Case selection and treatment planning
8. Infection control procedures used in endodontics (aseptic techniques such as rubber dam, sterilization of
instruments etc.)
9. Access cavity preparation - objectives and principles
10. Endodontic instruments and instrumentation -.recent developments, detailed description of hand rotary,
sonic, ultra sonic etc.
11. Working length determination I cleaning and shaping of root canal system and recent development in
techniques of canal preparation.
12. Root canal irrigants and intra canal medicaments used including non - surgical endodontics by calcium
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hydroxide.
13. Endodontic microbiology.
14. Obturating materials, various obturation techniques and recent advances in obturation of root canal.
15. Traumatic injuries and management -endodontic treatment for young permanent teeth.
Pediatric endodontics -treatment of immature apex.
16. Endodontic surgeries, recent developments in technique and devices, endoosseous endodontic implants
-biology of bone and wound healing.
17. Endoperio interrelationship, endo + Perio lesion and management.
18. Drugs and chemicals used in endodontics.
19. Endo emergencies and management.
20. Restoration of endodontically treated teeth, recent advances.
21. Geriatric endodontics .
22. Endo emergencies and management.
23. Biologic response of pulp to various restorative materials and operative procedures.
24. Lasers in endodontics.
25. Multidisciplinary approach to endodontic situations.
26. Endodontic radiology- digital technology in endodontic practice.
27. Local anaesthesia in endodontics.
28. Procedural errors in endodontics and their management.
29. Endodontic failures and retreatment.
30. Resorptions and its management.
31. Microscopes in endodontics.
32. Single visit endodontics, current concepts and controversies.
Teaching / Learning Activities
The following is the minimum required to be completed before the candidate can be considered eligible to appear
for final MDS exam.
First Year
Pre Clinical Work -Operative and Endodontics
Preclinical work on typhodont teeth
1. Class 2 amalgam cavities
a. Conservative preparation
b. Conventional preparation
2. Inlay cavity preparation on premolars and molars -MO, DO, MOD
a. Wax pattern
b. Casting
3. Onlay preparation on molars
a. Casting
4. Full Crown
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a. Anterior
b. Posterior
(2 each to be processed)
5. 7/8 crown
(1 to be processed)
6. 3/4 crown premolars
(1 to be processed)
Pre Clinical work on natural teeth
1. Inlay preparation on molars and premolars MO, DO, and MOD
a. Wax pattern
b. Casting
2. Amalgam cavity preparation and restoration (all types)
a. Conventional
b. Conservative
3. Pin retained amalgam on molar teeth
4. Post and core build up
a. Anterior teeth
b. Posterior teeth
5. Casting
6. Onlay on molars
(1 to be processed)
7. Full crown premolars and molars
8. Full crown, anterior
9. Veneers, anterior teeth (indirect method)
10. Composite inlay (class 2)
(1 to be processed)
11. Full tooth wax carving -all permanent teeth
Preclinical - Endodontics
1. Sectioning of all maxillary and mandibular teeth.
2. Sectioning of teeth -in relation to deciduous molar, 2nd primary upper and lower molar 1 each.
3. Access cavity opening and root canal therapy in relation to maxillary and mandibular permanent teeth.
4. Access cavity preparation and BMP
Anterior
a. Conventional prep
b. Step back
c. Crown down