M.A. Histotry

FIRST YEAR PAPER I HISTORY OF TAMIL NADU UPTO 1967 Introduction: Influence of Geography & Topography on the history of Tamil Nadu – Sources of Tamil Nadu History – Races & Tribes – Pre-history of Tamil Nadu. Sangam Period: Chronology of the Sangam – Early Chera, Chola & Pandyas – Administration, Economy, Trade & Commerce – Society – Religion – Art & architecture. The Kalabhras – The Early Pallavas, Origin – First Pandyas Empire – Later Pallavas Mahendravarman & Narasimhavarman, Pallava Administration, Society, Religion, Literature, Art & architecture. The Chola Empire: The Imperial Cholas & The Chalukaya Chola, Administration, Society, Education & Literature. Second Pandyan Empire: Political History, Administration, Social Life, Art & architecture. Madurai Sultanate – Tamil Nadu under Vijaynagar Rulers: Administration & Society, Economy, Trade & Commerce, Religion, Art & architecture – Kumarakampana’s expedition to Tamil Nadu, Battle of TAlikoda in 1565. Nayaks of Madurai: Viswanatha Nayak,Muthu Virappa Nayak, Tirumala Nayak, Mangammal, Minakshi. Nayaks of Tanjore: Sevappa Nayak, Raghunatha Nayak, Vijaya Raghava Nayak. Nayaks of Jingi: Vaiyappa Tubaki Krishnappa I, Krishnappa II, Nayak Administration, Life of the people – Culture, Art & architecture. The Setupatis of Raamanathapuram – The Europeans in Tamil Nadu – Marathas of Tanjore – Ekoji, Serfoji, Tukoji, Sefoji II, Sivaji III. Tamil Nadu under the Nawabs of Arcot – The Carnatic Wars, Administration under the Nawabs – TheMysoreans in Tamil Nadu – The Poligari System. The South Indian Rebellion – The Vellore Mutiny – The Land Revenue Administration & Famine Policy – Education under the Company – Growth of Language & Literature in the 19th & 20th centuries – Organization of Judiciary – Self respect movement. Tamil Nadu in Freedom struggle: Tamil Nadu under Rajaji & Kamaraj, Anti Hindi Agitation, Growth of Education. Books for Reference: Sl. No. Name of Author (s) Name of Book & Publisher 1. Baliga, B.S. Studies Madras Administration, 2 Vols, Madras, 1949. 2. Balasundaram, N. “The Dravidian Movement in Madras” in State Politics in India, 1967. 3. Dikshitar, V.R.R. Studies of Tamil Literature & History. 4. Edward Thomson Rise & Fulfillment of British rule in India. 5. Hardgrave, L.Robert The Dravidian Movement 6. Kanaksabai, V. The Tamils 1800 years ago. 7. Krishnaswami, A. Tamil country under Vijaynagar. 8. Krishnaswami Aiyangar, S. Beginning of South Indian History, Ancient India & South Indian History & Culture. 9. Mahalingam, T.V. Kanchipuram in the early South Indian History & Culture. 10. Majumdar R.C. History & Culture of Indian People. 11. Meenakshi C. Administration & Social life under the Pallavas. 12. Mukerjee Nilamani Ryotwari System in Madras. 13. Pillai, K.K. Social History of the Tamils. 14. Rajayyan, K. History of Madurai 15. Rajayyan, K. South Indian Rebellion: The First War of Indian Independence; Administration & Society of Carnatic, A History of British Diplomacy in Tanjore; Rise & Fall of the Poligars in Tamil Nadu; History of Tamil Nadu upto 1556; History of Tamil Nadu from 1556 to the present day. 16. Raman, K.V. The Early History of the Madras Region. 17. Ratnaswamy, M. Some influences that made the British Administrative System. 18. Sastri, K.A.N. A History of South India; The Cholas; The Sangam Age; The Pandyan Kingdom. 19 Srinivasa Aiyangar, P.T. History of The Tamils. 20. Subramaniam, N. The Sangam Policy; History of Tamil Nadu upto 1526. 21. Vridegirisan Nayaks of Tanjore. PAPER II HISTORIOGRAPHY Chapter I Historiography & Historical Methods: Definition of History – History of Philosophy Teaching by Examples – Scope & Purpose of History – Kinds of History – Science of Art – Nature of History – Differences between Science & History – Similarities between Science & History – History & Other Social Science – History – A confluence of science & Art – Objectivity in Historical Writing – Concept in Historical writing – Uses of History – Uses & Abuses of History – Lessons of History. Chapter II Nature of causation – The role of individuals & ideas – Agent of providence – Great men theory – Reasons for individual prominence & authority – Role of ideas – Theory of repetition – The concept of progress. Chapter III History of Historical Writing: Historical writing in Ancient Greece – Herodotous – Thucydides – Xenophon – Polybius – Greek Historiography – Historical writing in ancient Rome – Titus Livy – Cornellius Tacitus – The history of Roman Historiography – Christian historical writing – Eusebius – St. Augustine – Character of Cghristian historiography. Chapter IV Modern Europe – Renaissance – Machiavelli – Cartesianism – Montesquieu – Anti-cartesianism – Giambattista Vico – Enlightenment – Edward Gibbon – Romanticidealism – Immanuel Kant – Hegel & philosophy of history – J.S. Mill & Utiltarianism – Scientific Socialism. Chapter V Western historians – Niccolo Machiavelli – Under the republic – Montesquieu – Giambatista Vico-Anit-Cartesianism – Edward Gibbon – Kant: The Threshold of Scientific History – Hegel: Dialectical Idealism – Johan Stuart Mill – Auguste Comte – Karl Marx: Dialectical Materialism – Oswald Spengler – G.M. Travelyan – Arnold Toynbee – Chinese Historical Writing – Muslim Historiography – Umayyad Dynasty – Abbasid Dynasty – Early formal History – Ibn-Khaldun – Mamluks - Indian Historical writings of various historical era – Kalhana – Al-Biruni – Zia-Ud-Din-Barani – Abul Fazl – Sir Jadunath Sarkar – K.A. Nilakanta Sastri – R.G.Majundar. Chapter VI Theory of History: Philosophy of history – Theological interpretation – Secular interpretation – Agents & laws – Historical determination – Free will doctrine – History & Freedom – Historicism – Dialectical materialism – Relativism. PAPER III HISTORY OF EUROPE (1789 – 1914) Chapter 1 Louis XV & XVI, French Revolution – causes course & result – work of National Assembly – Regions of Terror – the Directory – Coalition against France – Napoleon Bonaparte – Civil Administration – wars – Continental system – failure – estimate. Chapter II The congress of Vienna – The Holy Alliance – Concert of Europe – Matternich – Louis XVIII & Charles X of France – 1830 Revolution - Louis Phillipe – 1848 Revolution & its effect. Chapter III The Third French Republic (1871 – 1914): Introduction – National Assembly & Provisional Government – Paris Revolution – Reconstructions & Reforms – Government of Thiers & its downfall – Constitution – Parliamentary Republic – Politics – Administrative policies – Colonialism. Foreign Policy of Various European Countries: Foreign Policy of Italy (1870-1914): Introduction – Colonial policy – Relation with various countries – Alliances – Relation with Great Britain, Russia & China. Russia (1796 – 1914) – Russia under the Czars – Policies of the Czars – Various wars – revolutions & discontents. Chapter IV The Eastern Question: Definition – Decay of the Ottman Empire – The Subject peoples of Turkey – Revolution in the Balkans – Greek War of Independence – Growth of War - Turko-Egyptian war – The Crimean War – Causes Events of the war – Consequences – The Russia-Turkish War – Young Turk Movement of 1908 & its impact – The Balkan states: Greece – Moldavia & Wallachia – Bulgaria after 1878 – The Kingdom of Rumania – The Kingdom of Serbia – The Bosnian Crisis – Role of other Nations - Results – The Balkan Wars (1912 – 1913) – Second Balkan War – Germany Between 1870 – 1914. Chapter V Causes of the First World War – System of Alliance – German Responsibility – Balance of Power – Arms Race – Narrow Nationalism & Competitive Patriotism – Various Competitions among the European Powers – Morocco Crisis – The Murder of Austrian Prince & his wife – course of the First World War – Wars at various Fronts – End of the War - Cause for the success of Allies – Results of the First World War – Treaty of Versailles & other Treaties – Problems of Minorities. Chapter VI The Bolshevik Revolution in Russia – Causes of the Russian Revolution – February Revolution – Provincial Government - The Bolshevik Revolution – Results of the Bolshevik Revolution. Chapter VII Italian Unification – German Unification – Napolean III – Socialism – Joseph Proudhan – Michael Bakunin – Prince Peters Kropotkin – Engels – Saint Simon – Robert Owen – Charles Fourier. PAPER IV CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT FREEDOM STRUGGLE IN INDIA Constitutional Development: East India Company – duel System in Bengal – Regulating Act – 1773 – Pitt’s India Act 1784 – Charter Acts of 1793, 1813, 1833 & 1853 – Causes & Effects of the Mutiny of 1857 on the development of the constitution – India under the Crown – Indian Councils Acts of 1861, 1892- Minto-Morley Reforms 1909 – Central & Provincial governments according to the Act of 1919 – Simon Commission’s Report – Round Table conferences & India’s Reactions – Central Government according to 1935 – Provincial government according to the Act of 1935 Provincial Autonomy – Constitutional Deadlock & August Offer from Cripp’s Mission to Mountbatten Plan – Indian Independence Act 1947 – Making of the Constitution of India – India’s National Constitution Union Executive State Executive – Union Parliament – State Legislative – Union & States – Judiciary – Amendments of the Constitution – Development of Public Services – Local Government. Rebellion against Company Rule in South India – The Vellore Mutiny – Revolt of 1857 – Act of 1858 – Queen’s Proclamation 1858 – Social & Religious Reform Movements in the Second half of the 19th century – Birth of Indian National Congress – Extremist Movements of the Congress 1885 – Partition of Bengal 1905 – Movements abroad for India’s Freedom – Rise & Growth of communalism in India – Home Rule Movement – Lucknow Pact – First World War – Diarchy in the Provinces – Congress-Reaction – Rowlatt Act – Amritsar – Tragedy – Khilafat Agitation – Non co-operation Movement – Swaraj Party – Simon Commission – Recommendations of the Commission – The Nehru Report – Jinnah’s Fourteen Points – Lord Irwin’s Proclamation – Civil Disobediences Movement – Repression by Government – Round Table Conferences – Resumption of Civil Disobedience Movement – Communal Award – Poona Pact – White Paper Reforms 1933 – Elections in 1937 – World War II & Constitutional Deadlock – Offer of the 8th August 1940 – Individual Satyagraha – Subhas Chandra Bose & the Indian National Army – Proposals of Sir Stafford Cripps – The Great Upheaval of August 1942 – C.R. Formula – Wavell Plan – Simla Conference – Declaration of Atlee & Wavell – Cabinet Mission Plan – Direct Action by the Muslim League – Establishment of Interim Government – Partition of India – Mountbatten Plan of 3rd July 1947 – Princely States & their role in Freedom struggle – Factors responsible for the Independence of India – Some Leaders of Freedom Struggle. Books for References: Sl. No. Author Book Name / Publisher 1. Agarwal, R.C. Constitutional History of India & National Movement 2. Amba Prasad The Indian Revolt of 1942 3. Azad, M.A. India Wins Freedom 4. Banerjee, A.C. & Chandran D.S. Making of the Constitution, 2 Vols. 5. Devanesan Making of Mahatma 6. Desai, A.R. Social Background to Indian Nationalism 7. Gutta, D.C. Indian National Movement & Constitutional Development 8. Thomson & Garatt Rise & Fulfillment of British Rule in India 9. Hudson The Great Divide 10. Keith, A.B. Constitutional History of India 11. Mahajan, V.D. The National Movement in India, 2 Vols. 12. Majumdar, R.C. History & culture of the Indian People Vol. IX & X, British Paramountcy & Indian Culture. 13. Majumdar, R.C. The Sepoy Mutiny & the Revolt of 1857 Vol. 1 - 3. 14. MMosely Last Days of British Raj 15. Pandit Sundarlal How India Last Her Freedom. 16. Philips, C.H. East India Company 1784 – 1834. 17. Rajayan, K. History of Freedom Struggle. 18. Roberts, P.E. History of British India. 19. Seetharamayya, P. History of Indian National Congress, Vols. 1 – 2. 20. Sir Verney Lorett A History of the Indian Nationalist Movement 21. Smith, V.A. Oxford History of India. 22. Tarachand History of the Freedom Movement Vols. 1 – 4. 23. Vishnoo Bhagwan Constitutional History of India, Vol. 2. SECOND YEAR PAPER V HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (1776 – 1963) The American War of Independence – The Confederation period 1781 – 1789 – Making of the Constitution – George Washington – Domestic & Foreign Policies – Rise of Political Parties – John Adams – The Presidency of Thomas Jefferson – The War of 1812 – The Monroe Doctrine – Andrew Jackson – Rise of Nationalism – Westward Expansion – Sectionalism & Slavery - Civil War – Role of Abraham Lincoln – Reconstruction – Rise of Big Business – Problems of Big Business - Rise of World Power I (overseas expansion) – Rise of World Power II (the American War 1898) – Rise of World Power III – (the U.S. & the Far East) – Rise of World Power IV (Caribbean & Mexican Policy) – Square Deal – Theodore Roosevelt – Administration, Internal Administration of Woodrow Wilson & the First World War – The Depression – The New Deal – Franklin D. Roosevelt & the Second World War – U.S.A., land of immigrants – American Negroe in the 20th Century – U.S. in the Cold War era – Korean Crisis – U.S. involvement in Vietnam War – Circumstances leading to Civil Rights Movement – Emergence of U.S. as an industrial power. Book for Reference: Sl. No. Author Book Name / Publisher 1. Baily Diplomatic History of the United States 2. Beard, C.A. A Diplomatic History of the United States 3. Blake, N.M. A Short History of American Life 4. Blake, N.M. & Barch, O.T. The United States in its World Relations 5. Baldwin, D.L. Survey of U.S. History 6. Canfield L.H. & Wilder, H.B. The Making of Modern America 7. Faulkner H.U. & Kepner, T. America, its history & people 8. Hicks, J.D. Readings in American History 9. Morrisson, S.E. The Growth of American Republic 10. Commager, H.S. & Leuchtenbarg, W.B. 2 Vols. 11. Ossley, F.L., Chitwood & Nixton, O.P. A Short History of American People 12. Pakes, H.B. A History of the United States of America 13. Rajayan, K. A History of the United States 14. Williams, M. A New History of the United States 15. Whitaker, A.P. The United States & South America. PAPER VI HISTORY OF EAST ASIA 1840 – 1966 The origin & growth of Manchu dynasty, opening of China. Japan during the first half of the nineteenth century – Decay of Feudalism – opening of Japan – its results – The first Opium-war (1839-42) its treaties – Second opium war – treaties – results. Taiping rebellion. An uneasy interlude in China-Frontier relations between China & Russia. The fall of Tolugava shoguns Meiji restoration abolition of feudal domains. Meiji constitution. Modernization of Japan. Reorganization of army & navy-law-industries-National Educational system – agricultural development – Rise of nationalism. Sino-Japanese war – causes, course, treaty of Shomonoshaki 1895 – results. Three power intervention. Battle for concessions in China – Open door policy. Hundred days reform movement. Boxer uprising – Manchu attempts at reforms – Role of Dowager empress. Anglo-Japanese alliance – Russo-Japanese war – Causes courses – Results – Treaty of Portsmouth. The fall of Manchus – the Revolution of 1911. The life & work of Sun-Yat-Sen. The presidency of Yuan Shi-Kai 1915-16. First World War in East Asia – China & Japan in the peace conference – May fourth movement. Washington conference. … Chinese Nationalism. China Kai Shek. Growth of Militarism in Japan – annexation of Korea – Party Politics – Ultra Rationalism Manchurian Affairs – insurrection of 1936 – Anti cominterm pact. Second Sino Japanese War – Second World War in East Asia – Japanese occupation of the South East Asia – Surrender. PAPER VII THE HISTORY OF OTTAMAN EMPIRE 1258 – 1924 Conditions of West Asia in 1258 – Mongol invasion & the disintegration of the Caliphate – Merger of Gazi States – The rise of the Ottaman State – Othman – Orkhan – The Janissaries – Murad I – Bayazid I & Timur’s invasion – Mohammed I & Restoration – Murad II - Muhammed II – His conquests & reforms – Relations between the Ottaman Turks & the Byzantine emperors – Bayazid II – The Mamlukes of Egypt – Salim I – Sulaimans the magnificent – His conquests & the administrative reforms – Salim II & grand Vizir Sokolli – The institutions of the Ottamans – the rule of the Sultanas – The rule of Sultanas II – the decline of the empire – The rule of Koprilli Vizirs – Ahamad Koprilli – The Ottamans relations with Persia – Turkey & Russia during the 18th century – The beginning of the eastern question – Salim III & the beginning of the westernization – Mahmud II – His Reforms – Greek war of independence – Mehmet Ali affairs – Russia & Turkey during the 19th century – Crimean war – Abdul Majid - Tanzimat reforms – Abdul Hamid II – Berlin Congress – Young Turk Movement & 1908 revolution – The Balkan wars – Turkey & First World War – Mustafa Kemel Pasha & the establishment of the Turkish Republic. Books for Reference: Sl. No. Author Book Name / Publisher 1. Allen The Turkish Reformation 2. Howard The Partition of Turkey 3. Lanepoole The Story of Turkey 4. Iybar, A.H. The Government of the Ottaman Empire 5. Kohn A History of the Nationalism in the East 6. Mears, E.G. Modern Turkey 7. Miller, W. The Ottaman Empire & its Successor 8. Puryear, V.J. International Economics & Diplomacy in the near East 9. Shoy, M.E. Ottaman Empire from 1720 – 1734 10. Stripling, O.W.E. The Ottaman Turks & the Arabs 11. Sousa, N. The Capitulatory Regime in Turkey 12. Toynbee, A.J. & Kirkmood Turkey 13. Yalman SIG Modern Turkey 14. Yalman, A.E. The Development of Modern Turkey Measured to its Press PAPER VIII INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 1919 – 1986 Importance of the study of – Prewar world – Europe before 1919 alliance & events – Friction between the power blocks – the causes of the First World War – Results – the peace settlements (1919 – 1923) – Nature of the peace conference & role of the big four – Woodrow Wilson – his fourteen points – Peace treaties & their provisions – the USA & the peace settlement. The Washington Naval Conference (1921 – 1922) problem of Reparations & inter Allied war debts – problem of security & disarmament (1919 – 1931) – French quest for security (1921 – 1924) – General protocol – 1924 Locarno Pact (1925) – Kellog Briant part or the part of Paris (1928) – the league of Nations – its organizations & its achievements – the world disarmament conference (1932) – the Manchuria crisis (1931) – rise of fascism & its impact upon international relations. Rise of Nazism & its impact upon international relations. The Spanish civil war 1936-39 – the second World War – Evaluation War period. Diplomatic negotiations declarations & conference of the cold war – the Détente – the foreign policy of the Soviet Union – Foreign policy of India: The policy of non-alignment – The foreign policies of Communist China & Japan – Asia in world affairs – Africa in world affairs – Latin America in World Affairs – the third world & economic order – Some outstanding international problems since 1945 – (a) the Korea war – the west Asia problem (1949 – 1973) – the Vietnam problem – South Africa & its Apartheid policy – Disarmament since 1945 – The United Nations Organization an estimate – the common wealth of nations – Regional alliances – Non-Alignment Alliances – SAARC – the problems of world peace – the possibility of forming world Govt. prospects of mankind in the future. Books for Reference: Sl. No. Author Book Name / Name of Publisher 1. Asit Kumaresan International Relations Since 1914 2. Carr, E.H. International Relations between the two World Wars (1919 – 1939) 3. Carr, E.H. The Twenty Years Crisis 4. Gibbons An Introduction to world Politics 5. Hartamans The Relations of Nations 6. Holzti, K.J. International Policy 7. Palmer & Perkins International Relations 8. Toynbee, A.J. Survey of International Affairs 9. Northedge & Griene A Hundred Years of International Relations (1860 – 1960) 10. Ingram An outline of International History 11. Langam The World since 1919.